Seeing Through Rose-Colored Glasses? A Within- and Cross-Cultural Investigation of Evaluative Bias and Well-Being
نویسنده
چکیده
Cross-cultural research on well-being often focuses on the influence of socio-ecological factors on well-being. National accounts of well-being suggest that modern nations – wealthier, and well-educated nations –are happier than less developed nations. In the current thesis, I examined whether cultural factors influence individuals’ preferences towards self-evaluation, and whether (cross-) cultural differences in positive evaluative bias influence well-being. Given the cultural emphasis on positivity and high self-esteem in North America, I expected European Canadians, compared to Asian Canadians and Asians, to show overly positive biases in ratings of personality and in predictions of their abilities and behaviors. In Study 1, participants were asked to bring a close friend (either a sameor cross-ethnic friend) to the laboratory, and asked to provide selfand informant-ratings of well-being and personality. An improved personality model of positive bias was introduced to disentangle biases from actual personality using selfand informantratings of personality. European Canadians compared to Asian Canadians showed higher well-
منابع مشابه
Seeing others through rose-colored glasses: An affiliation goal and positivity bias in implicit trait impressions
• We tested the effect of an affiliation goal on spontaneous trait inference (STI). • We found a positivity bias in STIs in response to an affiliation goal. • Those with the goal formed more positive (vs. negative) STIs compared to controls. • This positivity bias persisted when the goal was unfulfilled versus fulfilled. • We conclude that STIs form flexibly in response to perceivers' social go...
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